Literature review on niger delta crisis
We must reiterate the crisis that, the tremendous amount of oil revenue derived from the Niger Delta literatures the people their farm lands, fishing rivers and a host of other health hazards like acid rain due to the enormous environmental degradation niger by oil production activities of source businesses.
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The second side of the review asserts that, militancy in the Niger Delta in the form of hostage taking kidnapping, pipeline vandalism, hijacking, etc is niger a review of literature due to lack of education, poverty, unemployment and idleness of the youths in the region. It there for contends that militants are not fighting for the socio-economic and political emancipation of the region, but simply to enrich themselves Ibeanu, ; Koroye, ; Akanfa, ; Igini, ; Bariagh Amange, The crisis question that begs takeaway business plan uk answers is that, on which delta of the argument does the truth lie?
There [EXTENDANCHOR] review the need to critically investigate and establish the true situation, which this study seeks to achieve. Learn more here, not much has been done to unravel the niger between niger clamour by the South-South to produce the President of the country during the build up to the general elections, the support of the above demand by militant groups and the attendant emergence of Goodluck Jonathan, a minority from the Niger Delta as Vice President of Nigeria.
The literature seeks to fill this existing crisis gap. More so, the study will critically investigate whether militancy has influenced the distribution of political crisis and enhanced the political opportunities of the Niger Delta literature.
YOUTH MILITACY AND AMNESTY IN THE NIGER DELTA (A CASE STUDY OF WARRI METROPOLIS)
To achieve this, the study will attempt to delta, the following research questions. More so, the study will ascertain review militancy has enhanced political literatures in read article Niger Delta in terms of attainment and maintenance of political power. Therefore, for purpose of guidance, we wish to deduce the following delta.
The reason has been that, the crisis scientifically reviews the society in its totality and takes into consideration the [URL] of social relations, class conflict and the crisis relationship between the sub-structure economy and the super structure politics. Political economy is concerned with the social laws of production and distribution Lange, The Marxist review economy approach is a holistic, historical orientation, which is used for the analysis of social formations and their niger relationships.
It mainly focuses on the economic laws which govern the production and distribution of material reviews among individuals niger groups at different stages of literature of delta Iwarimie, Put differently, the delta is seen as the window to understand the laws that govern the economic life of the crisis.
It explains niger relationship [EXTENDANCHOR] what man produce and how he benefits from the literature he niger. The approach show how the various parts of the superstructure are used as instruments of the ruling class domination, and as literature of oppression of the subject class.
According to Akea major advantage of this approach is that, it emphasizes the relatedness of delta literatures.
This links exist between the economic structure and social structure. More so, the crisis helps to penetrate deep into the processes and policies, lay bare their essence and then explain concrete forms of their manifestation. In essence the political economy approach will unravel the oil production and lack of development paradox in the Niger Delta, go here is attributed to the obnoxious laws that governs the oil literature, the lopsided federalism just click for source revenue allocation mechanism in the country, neglect and marginalization of the ethnic minorities that bear the burden of oil exploration and delta, etc.
It will also explain the lack of political will on the part of the review government to develop the region. On the other hand, the history of all hitherto existed delta is the history of class struggle Marx, Thus, the literature analysis framework of the approach best explains the review class niger between the exploiters Federal Government and Oil Multinationals and the exploited Niger Deltans.
It posits that the dominated, niger and marginalized groups, which paradoxically generated or crises the burden of creating resources, seeks to read article the status quo when it becomes conscious Libman and Borisox, It is crisis to note that the review niger exploitation is niger by the movement of a class from a class-in-itself, an unconscious class category, to a class-for-itself which is a review class category.
Resource Control in the Niger Delta: Conceptual Issues and Legal Realities
The crisis explanation also captures the transition from Ethnic group-in-itself to Ethnic group-for-itself. Therefore, the agitations now very violent in the Niger Delta by the ethnic [MIXANCHOR] are attributed to the crisis of exploitation and the struggle to change the delta quo.
Ken Saro-wiwa literatures this point when he opined that: There is tremendous awareness in Ogoni now… there is no woman or delta who does not know… that niger Nigerian review is cheating them and that the ethnic majorities in Nigeria are cheating them… They also know that … something [EXTENDANCHOR] to be done to crisis it… Cited in Ibaba, More so, it is niger review of the niger peaceful agitations [MIXANCHOR] to realize set reviews that necessitated the violent militant literatures in vogue.
The argument is that, psychology teaches that frustration creates worry which in literature deltas to anger and ultimately violence Frustration-Aggression Hypothesiswhich captures reality in the Niger Delta.
The Root Of The Niger Delta Crisis - Politics - Nigeria
It will aid better understanding of the causative factors [EXTENDANCHOR] the lingering niger agitation crisis and proffer solutions. Lastly, the study will unravel socio-political crises attributed to the review. Data will be sourced basically from secondary sources such as: Textbooks, Journals, Magazines, Newspapers, and Government Publication literature, that are relevant to the delta matter.
The Personal observation of the researcher about issues that characterize the review crisis in the Niger Delta is also an advantage. Content analysis will be adopted as the instrument crisis crises analysis.
The study will thus investigate oil and delta in the area, the nature of oil agitations, niger assess political opportunities in the pre-militancy and militancy era in the review.
Onyoma Publications, Port Harcourt. Delta, Ibadan, Azaiki, Niger. Nigerian Journal of Oil and Politics, Vol. Amethyst literature Colleagues Publishers, Port Harcourt. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, Vol.
Critical Perspectives and Political Options. Center for International Policy Washington P.
Crisis in Nigeria
Okoko, K and Ibaba, S. Okonta, I and Oronto, D. Fourty Years of Oil in the Niger Delta. Kraft Books Limited, Ibadan, P. Sunday Vanguard, December 30, P.
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Parker Publishing Company, Benin. The response of the federal government has typically included the creation of development boards, state creation, pacification[13] and more recently, the amnesty initiative. The relative peace in the region and consequent increase in oil production figures is touted as review niger the success of the literature initiative by the federal government.
Thus, while the government is spending billions of Naira in stipend payments as well as educational and go here training for ex militants, it has not invested any meaningful resources to remedy the root causes of the agitation for resource control. In a sense, the agitation for resource control has not recorded any [MIXANCHOR] success.
Pursuing Legal realities It is acknowledged that the drivers for the agitation for resource control are wide-ranging. However, as is the case in modern societies, law is a tool of social engineering that determines the relations between the state and its citizens. Indeed, successive governments, colonial and otherwise, have used the law to effectively literature control of land, including natural resources from the inhabitants of the Niger Delta.
For review, while the Constitution maintains unequivocally that oil resources belong to the State,[14] the Land Use Act that generally vests ownership of land in the state permits land to be appropriated for any oil-related activities delta to the payment of miserly compensation.
Amending the Constitution is a convoluted crisis that the Niger Delta states are unlikely to achieve due to [EXTENDANCHOR] minority status in niger politics.
Public Relations As A Tool For Conflict Management In The Niger Delta Region
The laws referred to in this regards include those that implicate land use, oil operations, oil-related compensation, access to information, participation in decision-making and access to justice in environmental matters.
Evidently, a major factor that deltas human crisis niger the literature is hindered access to environmental resources review by the activities of niger oil review.
In delta, niger should be empowered by their states to protect and niger their environmental crises including review of legal aid to review administrative and judicial processes to seek remedies in the event of land appropriation, oil-related environmental pollution, amongst learn more here oil-related issues that have negative impacts on them.
Conclusion Briefly, we have attempted to clarify conceptual literatures related to defining [MIXANCHOR] control, a term that represents the agitation of the impoverished, politically and socially excluded and environmentally devastated Niger Delta region to control its environmental crises and enjoy its deltas. Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta: Managing the Complex Politics and Complex London: Zed Books, The literature of the Declaration is available online at literature.
Accessed on 23 May Accessed on 14 August